It is truly a sad sight, to see an athlete riddled with nagging to serious injuries from a lack of mobility and technique. This is especially true for athletes or fitness enthusiasts that incorporate advanced Olympic lifts into their workouts. I am a big believer in the idea you need to crawl before you walk. This idea manifests in your workouts. An athlete needs to warm-up properly before training with the big Olympic lifts. If you don’t warm-up properly, you’re just setting yourself up for a bone-head injury. Here are the top three aspects you should know when training with Olympic lifts:
1. Power breathing will boost the body’s strength and stability (something coined from Bruce Lee and later Pavel). Learning to power breath will maximize the intra-abdominal pressure that will increase your power during the lift, as well as boost your ability to maintain focus. The most important key word here is “intra-abdominal”, which should not be confused with intra-thoracic. You should be able to stand up straight, draw air into your abdominals, and brace them for long periods of time. You know you are doing it right when your pelvic area becomes tightened and this tightness extends into your upper abdominal area. I use a hybrid of Grey Cook’s, Pavel’s and Stuart McGill’s tactics for getting into the proper posture and power breathing. Here’s a quick paraphrased rundown of what I do:
a. Extend your arms over head. Reach as high as possible and breathe easy.
b. Lean slightly back if necessary to feel the lower abdominals. In this position, breathe air in and out of your abdominals (still keeping the abs braced).
c. Slowly bring your hand down in front of you (keep hands as close as possible to your body by bending your elbows). Keep your chest and shoulders in the start position as much as possible as your arms lower themselves.
d. Once your arms are lowered contract the shoulders around the arm pit while pulling your shoulders down and back.
e. Now rotate your thumbs at your sides in and out as far as possible without changing position of your arms. This will allow your chest to extend forward and up. You are now in your strongest position. Be aware of how your back muscles feel. The posterior chain is the most important area. Being aware of how these back muscles feel will allow you to know if your spine is in the ready (neutral) position for Olympic lifts. Also, try to breath with abdominals braced, as you go through your warm-up and stretches.
2. The hip/pelvic region IS the power behind Olympic lifts, or any closed chain lift, for that manor. The big guns here:
a. The gluteus maximus, which is the primary hip extensor, and external rotator.
b. Gluteus medius (and minimus) are abductors by nature.
c. The smaller, but very important helpers are QL (quadrates lumborum), obliques and the deeper six hip musculature (piriformis, obturator internus/external, gemellus superior/inferior, and quadrates femorus). These helpers assist by neutralizing and stabilizing excess rotation, both internal and external around the spine. Therefore, if you are going to take Olympic lifting seriously, you must keep the hip/pelvic complex mobile and ready.
3. Mental focus and confidence. You have to know you can lift the weight and do so properly, before you touch the bar. Visualization techniques work great here. Focusing on the necessary movements and nothing else is one of my favorite versions of building focus. You need to be able to push everything out of your mind, except the lift at hand. It is good to practice this while warming up and focus on nothing but the warm-up drills. Some other easy ways to do this is using an MP3 player to drown out the background noise, or simply mentally picture the movements before doing them. However you wish to get the mental focus aspect down… do it. It should not be overlooked.
With these three aspects in mind, I’ll go into some good drills to get you ready for cleans or snatches. These are not all the possible drills you could do, but they are among my favorites for preparing for a lift. All these drills are done in dynamic fashion. This means you should start off slow and go for slight stretch and contraction. At this point, you can be very conscientious of your movements and work the kinks out a bit so you can benefit from the warm-up. You then increase the speed and the deepness of the stretch and contractions as you become more subconscious of the movement. This is more specific to actually performing an Olympic lift because you cannot afford to be conscious of the movement. You will need to have a subconscious understanding, and just lift it.
1. Iso-shoulder or Serratus Pushup to Hand Walk outs - Purpose- Warm-up the GH joint and upper core complex (the core of an Olympic lifter extends from the shoulders to the knees).
a. Get into the pushup position. Chin slightly tucked, and feet spread about hip width.
b. Perform a serratus pushup by retracting only the shoulder blades together, and then protract the shoulder blades so the back is rounded. Return to the “neutral” start position.
c. Brace the abdominal area tighter and walk hands forward without allowing any other body movement (including swaying side to side). Perform this 5 - 10 times.
2. Adductor active stretches - Purpose - increase mobility and efficiency of the adductors and other deep secondary muscles of the anterior medial pelvic/hip area.
a. Start on your knees and hands. Chin slightly tucked.
b. Keep you back neutral the entire time. Do not let it round. If your back rounds you are no longer in your ROM and will not be stretching the correct muscles. Your knees must be spread as wide as possible in YOUR ROM.
c. From this position, shift your weight onto your lower body, making sure to keep the back neutral. Shift you weight forward and tilt your body towards your right or left hand as far as possible (whichever you want).
d. Shift your weight back to the lower body and come forward again, this time towards the opposite side. Perform 10-20 times.
3. Gorilla Touchdown to Overhead Squat - Purpose - increase hip flexion and hip extension mobility.
a. Stand with feet spread hip width apart, and feet facing forward. Reach down with a neutral back and chin slightly tucked, as if you were performing a straight leg deadlift.
b. Go to the absolute extent you can reach, without rounding your back. At this point, begin rounding your back from the lumbar area all the way until you get to the cervical (neck) area. You should be touching the floor. If not, you should reconsider doing power emphasized Olympic lifts, until you gain enough mobility to do so.
c. From this position, lower your hips down while bending your knees. As your hips drop past the 90 degree bend point, raise your head to look up and retract your shoulder blades so your chest is out and up. Also, your feet should not be turning out. If they are, you probably lack ankle mobility to deal with deep squats. I highly suggest working on this mobility to keep your knees safe.
d. Now you should be in a deep squat position, with your hands on the floor and head up. From here, raise your arms over your head and squat directly up, forcing your chest out and up and hip forward (extending). Perform 3-6 times.
4. Cable Pull through- Purpose- Develop power in the hip extension movement, while stabilizing the torso so the spine remains neutral through the movement. You need a cable apparatus that lowers the pulley close to the ground. Also, attach handles that allow you to keep your hands between your legs, without hitting them with the attachment.
a. Stand a few feet in front of the cable apparatus (facing away from it) with feet spread hip width apart and feet facing directly forward. Shoulders should be retracted and hips extended fully forward. Hold the attachment between your legs.
b. Squat down and back towards the apparatus, with your back remaining perfectly neutral. Go to your ROM.
c. Explode forward, extending the hips as fast as possible. Perform 5-10x.
Give these warm-up drills a try, and remember the key aspects to Olympic lifting.
Ty Ferrell is a NASM certified personal trainer and a constant student of the vast field of fitness. He is the founder of http://www.thefitnessroad.com and can be reached there.
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Ty_Ferrell