Classification of Overweight and Obesity by Body Mass Index (BMI)
There are a number of assessment methods for body fat such as skinfold testing, electronic scales, underwater weighing and waist circumference. However, the Body Mass Index is the most widely used method. It is an equation which takes both height and weight into consideration, making it more precise than relying on scales alone. The equation is:
weight in kilograms
________________________
height in metres x height in metres
For example if your weight is 80kg and you height 1.8m then your BMI will be calculated as: 80 รท 1.8 x 1.8 = 24.
Below is an adapted classification table taken from the National Institute of Health:
Classification ————–> BMI
Underweight —————> <18.5
Normal (Acceptable) —–> 18.5-24.9
Overweight (Special Attention) —–> 25-29.9
Obesity (Medical Referral) - Class I —–> 30-34.9
Obesity (Medical Referral) - Class II —–> 35-39.9
Extreme Obesity - Class III —–> >40
*It is important to remember that bone and muscle mass cannot be specifically accounted for with the BMI.
Obesity and Exercise Recommendations
Exercise for the obese must be approached with caution and always with written approval from their GP. Not only could the list of disease complications and interrelated factors be complex, but an early stage of obesity usually involves dietary intervention until some successful weight loss has been achieved. This will lighten the stress on joints and ligaments and help prevent injury.
Once this has been achieved and approval given, light, low impact aerobic exercise can be prescribed combined with a variety of balance, stability and mobility training. Strength training may also serve as a valuable companion, focusing mainly on core, hip, knee and ankle stability - being sure to perform all exercise with good posture.
Below is a recommended exercise programme which can be followed with a GP’s approval and/or the help and assistance of a fitness professional:
Summary of Exercise Recommendations
Warm Up –> Every Session –> 10-15 minutes
Cool Down –> Every Session –> 10 - 15 minutes
Flexibility –> Every Session –> Hold for 10-15 secs
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